Classification and relation to physical properties of the crust
نویسندگان
چکیده
25 This is a second paper in a study of statistical identification and classification of 26 earthquake clusters using a relocated catalog of 1981-2011 seismicity in southern 27 California and synthetic catalogs produced by the ETAS model. Here we focus on 28 classification of event families – statistically significant clusters comprised of foreshocks, 29 mainshocks and aftershocks – that are detected with the methodology discussed in part I 30 of the study. The families are analyzed using their representation as time oriented tree 31 graphs. The results (i) demonstrate that the clustering associated with the largest 32 earthquakes, m > 7, is statistically different from that of small-to-medium earthquakes; 33 (ii) establish the existence of two dominant types of small-to-medium magnitude 34 earthquake families – burst-like and swarm-like sequences – and a variety of intermediate 35 cluster forms obtained as a mixture of the two dominant types; (iii) suggest a simple new 36 quantitative measure for identifying the cluster type based on its topological structure; 37 (iv) demonstrate systematic spatial variability of the cluster characteristics on a scale of 38 tens of kilometers in relation to heat flow and other properties governing the effective 39 viscosity of a region; and (v) establish correlation between the family topological 40 structure and a dozen of metric properties traditionally considered in the literature 41 (number of aftershocks, duration, spatial properties, b-value, parameters of Omori-Utsu 42 and Båth law, etc.). The burst-like clusters likely reflect highly-brittle failures in 43 relatively cold regions, while the swarm-like clusters are likely associated with mixed 44 brittle-ductile failures in regions with relatively high temperature and/or fluid content. 45 The results of this and paper I may be used to develop improved region-specific hazard 46 estimates and earthquake forecasts. 47 48
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تاریخ انتشار 2013